Nickel plating versus Chrome plating

Here are a few thoughts about plating. To properly electroplate Chrome, it must be applied over an initial plating of either Copper or Nickel. This is because of two reasons. (1) Chrome does not bond well to iron. It bonds well to Copper or Nickel. (2) Chrome is not impermeable. It is very thin and has microscopic cracks, so the initial plating, much like a paint primer, seals the surface against corrosion. Nickel and copper bond well to iron/steel and make a complete impermeable protecting surface, bonded at a molecular level.

Nickel is the best undercoat for two reasons. (1)It is a close cousin to iron, with similar molecular weight and magnetic structure. and it is much harder than steel when electroplated slowly, and allowed to form a dense crystalline atomic structure. It does oxidize, but the yellow oxide protects the surface from further corrosion, unlike iron which continues to corrode under the rust, with consequent pitting.

(2)It is also relatively EPA safe, because the disposal problem is minimal, since there is practically nothing to dispose of. The Nickel anodes are used up and transferred to the work, and the electrolyte is reusable indefinitely. Only the electricity is lost.

Copper is less desirable for two reasons, it may corrode green or black through the cracks in the Chrome, and the best method of copper plating, with a Cyanide compound, has become a serious EPA disposal problem.


To sum up, IMO, Chrome is best with a good Nickel undercoat. What the Chrome does is add a blue-white color over the yellow-white color of the Nickel. Personally, I prefer the warm silvery brilliance of Nickel over the cold blue-white color of Chrome. The texture of the plating is wholly dependent on the texture of the underlying surface. Even heavy plating is only a few thousandths thick, and unlike paint, it cannot hide a rough surface.

For a polished brilliant surface, the steel must first be polished to that same brilliance. This is usually more expensive because of the time and labor involved.

For a matte or satin finish, sandblasting or wirebrushing develops the texture, and the plating carries it through.

Everything I have explained here applies only to electroplated Nickel, and does not apply to Electroless Nickel plating.
Electroless Nickel plating is achieved by a catalytic ion exchange deposition process which does not necessarily assure the impervious protecting bond and even distribution of the plating.

I do not do Electroless Nickel, because there is no need for it when superior high quality electroplating is available. There is also a waste disposal problem with Electroless Nickel plating. When the solutions are depleted, a toxic waste remains, which can be a serious groundwater contaminant.

Jack F